In the field of weak current systems, most modern setups rely on the TCP/IP protocol for data transmission. As a professional in this area, it's essential to understand some basic networking concepts. Below are several common questions and detailed answers that can help you navigate network cabling challenges more effectively.
**1. Q: How to handle long-distance network cable installation?**
A: The standard maximum length for balanced twisted pair cables is 100 meters, as defined by international standards. For distances beyond 100 meters, the performance margin of both the cabling system and network equipment becomes critical. To ensure reliable connectivity, it’s recommended to install two telecom rooms per floor, with horizontal links not exceeding 90 meters. Alternatively, high-quality cables and modules can be used for direct connections, but support for higher speeds like Gigabit Ethernet may not be guaranteed. Using switches or hubs in the middle can also help extend the reach, but avoid overly long runs to prevent communication issues.
**2. Q: Network port only sends packets, not receives—what could be wrong?**
A: If the switch port and computer port can transmit data on other lines, the issue might be with the specific line. Use a wiring tester to check the channel performance, including jumpers and connectors. Ensure the test standard matches your network requirements (e.g., Cat 5e or Cat 6). Also, verify that the jumper follows T568A/B wiring standards.
**3. Q: What are the special considerations for Fiber Channel cabling in a data center?**
A: In a data center, optical fiber is typically used for 10G networks. Key points include choosing the right fiber type (OM3 for multimode, single-mode for longer distances), selecting appropriate connection devices (SC, LC, etc.), ensuring fire ratings for open cable trays, and properly placing optical distribution modules.
**4. Q: How to design an efficient cabling layout for a multi-floor building?**
A: A Layer 3 switch should be placed at the core, with aggregation switches connecting each floor. Horizontal cables should not exceed 90 meters, and the cabling system should match the Ethernet switch’s bandwidth. Consider using Cat 6 or higher and multimode fiber for trunking. Detailed diagrams and clear interoperability plans are crucial for project success.
**5. Q: How to accept network cabling after installation?**
A: Follow GB50312-2007 guidelines. Perform 100% permanent link testing, use appropriate test instruments, and ensure all results are documented. Quality criteria should be clearly defined.
**6. Q: Can a Cat 5 cable support Gigabit if wired according to T568A or T568B?**
A: Yes, as long as the cabling system meets the Cat 5e standard. Gigabit Ethernet uses all four pairs of wires, and PoE can be implemented without affecting signal integrity. Both endpoint and mid-span PoE methods are supported.
**7. Q: Will CATV replace ADSL in the future?**
A: While CATV supports multiple services, it cannot fully replace ADSL due to different technical and regulatory contexts. Each access technology has its own advantages and limitations.
**8. Q: What is “short link resonance�**
A: It refers to signal reflection issues when the link is shorter than 15 meters. This can cause communication failures. Standards require a minimum of 15 meters to avoid such problems.
**9. Q: How to access the internet through various methods?**
A: Options include fiber optics, DSL, EPON, wireless broadband, and dial-up. Each method has specific interface requirements based on bandwidth and service provider capabilities.
**10. Q: Why does a network disconnect after passing tests?**
A: Professional testing tools should be used instead of simple continuity testers. They check parameters like insertion loss, crosstalk, and return loss to ensure proper installation.
**11. Q: How to manage frequent office layout changes?**
A: Implement an open office design with CP (assembly point) or multi-user sockets. This allows flexible reconfiguration without major rewiring.
**12. Q: How to plan for future expansion and protect against pests?**
A: Choose forward-looking products and structured designs. Use armored or anti-rat cables and consider open wiring to reduce pest risks.
**13. Q: Why is LAN sharing slow when using a 4-core cable for voice and data?**
A: Mixing voice and data on the same cable can cause interference, especially during phone ringing. This is not a standard practice and should be avoided.
**14. Q: Should VLANs be created on each floor or centralized?**
A: Creating VLANs on each floor improves segmentation and reduces broadcast storms, but increases costs. Centralized VLANs are also effective and more cost-efficient.
**15. Q: Is it safe to stack power lines and data cables together?**
A: No, stacking can cause signal degradation and physical damage. Keep them separated for better performance and easier maintenance.
**16. Q: What tools are best for testing Super Category 5 cables?**
A: Use certified cable testers from manufacturers like Fluke or IDEAL. These tools provide detailed performance reports and meet industry standards.
**17. Q: Is Simon’s network cable suitable for large LANs?**
A: As long as it meets the required specifications (e.g., Cat 5e/6), it can be used. Verify product performance and authenticity before purchase.
**18. Q: What are the label requirements for equipment rooms?**
A: Labels should follow TIA/EIA-606 or GB50311 standards. Materials should be durable, and content should be clear and consistent.
**19. Q: How do building materials affect wireless signals?**
A: Metal and thick walls can block signals. Signal extension antennas or repeaters may help improve coverage in such environments.
**20. Q: What precautions should be taken when laying fiber optic cables?**
A: Avoid exposure to extreme conditions, use proper conduits, and ensure protection against moisture and dust. Distinguish between single-mode and multimode fibers based on their application and wavelength requirements.
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