This article provides a detailed tutorial on using Cadence Allegro for PCB layout. The process begins with designing the schematic using Design Entry CIS (Capture).
**First, create a project**
Go to **File > New > Project**, enter a project name, and specify the folder where you want to save it. This sets up the foundation for your design work.
**2. Set the operating environment**
Navigate to **Options > Preferences** to customize your settings:
- **Color**: Choose colors for better visibility.
- **Grid Display**: Adjust the grid size for precision.
- **Miscellaneous**: Keep most options as default unless you have specific requirements.
**3. Configure the design drawings**
Set the template by going to **Options > Design Template** and apply it to new sheets. You can also adjust the current sheet properties via **Options > Schematic Page Properties**. These settings help maintain consistency throughout your design.
**4. Create components and component libraries**
Start by creating a new library under **File > New Library** and add it to your project. To create a new part, go to **Design > New Part** or right-click the library and choose **New Part**.
There are two types of parts:
- **Homogeneous**: All components in a package are identical (ideal for standard logic ICs).
- **Heterogeneous**: Different components in a single package (suitable for larger devices like BGA packages).
To define the package shape, use **Place > Line** to draw the outline. Then, use **Place > Pin** to add pins. Each pin type should be selected based on its function (e.g., input, output, power).
**5. Draw the schematic**
Begin by placing components from the library using **Place > Part**. You can select components from the design cache, existing libraries, or the default library provided with the software.
For power and ground symbols, use the right toolbar. When connecting wires, remember that buses require net aliases (like D[0..7]) and branch lines to ensure proper connectivity.
If you’re working on multiple pages, use **Circuit Port Connectors** for off-page connections or **Hierarchical Blocks** for multi-sheet designs.
Before exporting to PCB, make sure to assign the correct **PCB Footprint** to each component. Open the **Edit Properties** dialog, and ensure the footprint names match those in the Allegro PCB library.
**6. Post-processing the schematic**
Once the schematic is complete, switch to the **Project Manager** window, select the *.DSN file, and perform post-processing steps such as:
- **Design Rule Check (DRC)**: Go to **Tools > Design Rules Check** to validate the design. Options include checking for unconnected nets, invalid packages, and hierarchical port connections.
- **Annotate Components**: Use **Tools > Annotate** to automatically number components. You can reset numbers or update them incrementally.
- **Update Properties**: Modify device or net properties using **Tools > Update Properties**.
**7. Generate a netlist**
After confirming the schematic is error-free, generate the netlist by selecting **Tools > Create Netlists**. This netlist will be used in the PCB layout phase.
By following these steps, you’ll be well on your way to creating a professional PCB design using Cadence Allegro. Make sure to review all settings and configurations carefully to avoid errors during the layout process.
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