Basic knowledge that must be understood by high voltage electrician operations
1. Inspection and use of insulated safety equipment
1. What is insulated safety equipment? Does it include several categories? What are the types of each?
Insulating safety appliances are appliances used to prevent workers from coming into direct contact with electricity.
Insulation safety appliances are divided into basic insulation safety appliances and auxiliary insulation safety appliances.
Basic insulation safety device; the appliance itself is insulated enough to withstand the working voltage. (can contact live body)
Auxiliary insulating safety device; the appliance itself is not insulated enough to withstand the working voltage. (Do not touch live parts)
The basic insulation safety of high-voltage equipment includes: insulated rods, insulated clamps and high-voltage electroscopes.
The auxiliary insulation for high-voltage equipment is safe: insulated gloves, insulated boots, insulating mats, insulated tables, etc.
2. What checks should be made before using insulated rods, insulated gloves and insulated boots?
Check before use:
(1) The appearance should be clean, free of grease and dust. There are no cracks, cracks, burrs, scratches, holes and obvious deformation on the surface.
(2) Insulating gloves should also be tested for inflation, and tested and confirmed to be free of leakage.
(3) There is no puncture on the bottom of the insulated boots, and the bottom pattern is clear and clear, without signs of smoothing.
(4) The connecting part of the insulating tie rod should be tightened.
3. How to use the insulating rod, insulated gloves and insulated boots correctly? How to keep it properly?
Precautions for use:
(1) Wear insulated gloves when using insulated rods. At the same time, the hand grip should be limited to the allowable range and must not exceed the shield or guard ring.
(2) Wear insulated boots to prevent hard and sharp objects from sticking to the bottom.
Precautions for keeping:
(1) Safety equipment should be stored in a dry and ventilated place:
(2) The insulating tie rod shall be hung on the bracket and shall not be in contact with the wall or inclined;
(3) Insulating gloves should be stored in a closed cabinet and should be stored separately with other tools and meters;
(4) Insulating boots should be placed in the cabinet, not allowed to be used in place of rain boots, and only used at the operating site.
Second, inspection and use of maintenance safety equipment
1. What is the maintenance safety tool? What kinds of it does it include?
Maintenance safety equipment refers to the safety equipment that should be configured to protect personal safety and prevent accidental entry into the charging interval and prevent misoperation.
In addition to the basic insulation safety tools and auxiliary insulation safety, the maintenance safety tools also have temporary grounding wire, nameplate, safety belt, foot buckle, temporary cover and so on.
2. What are the requirements for electroscopes and what should be done before use?
(1) The electroscope must be: the voltage level is appropriate, the test is qualified, and the test period is valid.
(2) The electroscope should be free from dust, oil, cracks and breakage.
(3) Before the power inspection and after the power inspection, the electroscope should be tested on the charged equipment to confirm that the signal is good.
(4) The connection parts of the electroscope should be firm.
(5) Check the insulated gloves at the same time (check according to the relevant content).
3. Who should work on the electricity inspection work? What are the requirements for the electricity inspection work? (The examiner arbitrarily appoints an equipment for overhaul and should be able to verify the power correctly)
The electricity inspection work should have the attendant to complete the actual operation of the electricity inspection and safety precautions as follows:
(1) After the electrical equipment under maintenance is powered off, it is necessary to check the presence or absence of voltage with the electroscope before hanging the wiring;
(2) The phases of the entry and exit lines of the construction or maintenance equipment shall be carried out separately;
(3) Insulation gloves must be worn for high voltage inspection;
(4) When the circuit breaker or disconnector used for communication is inspected, it shall be inspected on both sides;
(5) The line of electricity inspection should be carried out phase by side;
(6) When overhauling the multi-layer power line erected on the same pole, the a priori low pressure and the post-test high pressure; the a priori lower layer and the posterior upper layer;
(7) A standing signal or sign indicating that the device is disconnected, indicating that the signal allowed to enter the interval and the voltmeter of the accessor indicate no voltage and other no-voltage signal indications, which can only be used as a reference and cannot be used as a basis for the device to be unpowered;
(8) When inspecting electricity, the electroscope should gradually approach and contact the charged body.
4. What is the difference between charged body and residual charge?
Charged body; a good electroscope can send a signal when it is about 100mm away from the charged body, and the signal does not weaken after touching the strip conductor.
Residual charge; residual charge can only be signaled when the electroscope is in contact with the conductor, and the signal is gradually weakened.
5. What is the test period for safety equipment?
The test period of the insulating rod and the insulating clamp is one year;
The test period for insulated gloves, insulated boots and electroscopes is six months.
Third, inspection and use of maintenance safety equipment
1. What is the maintenance safety tool? What kinds of it does it include?
Maintenance safety equipment refers to the safety equipment that should be configured to protect personal safety and prevent accidental entry into the charging interval and prevent misoperation.
In addition to the basic insulation safety tools and auxiliary insulation safety, the maintenance safety tools also have temporary grounding wire, nameplate, safety belt, foot buckle, temporary cover and so on.
2. What are the requirements for the temporary grounding line? What checks should be done before use?
(1) Temporary grounding wire should use multiple strands of soft bare copper wire with a cross section of not less than 25mm2 (the temporary grounding wire supplied by the market, there is a kind of colorless transparent plastic insulation added to the wire, the purpose is to protect the soft copper wire from being broken. Not loose stocks, can be regarded as bare lines);
(2) Temporary grounding wire has no backing, no dead buckle;
(3) The connection between the grounding wire and the grounding rod should be firm and there is no looseness;
(4) The insulation part of the grounding rod has no cracks and is intact;
(5) The connection of the grounding wire clamp or clamp and the soft copper wire should be firm and there is no looseness.
3. Who should hang the temporary grounding wire? What are the requirements for hanging temporary grounding wire? (The examiner arbitrarily appoints an equipment for maintenance, and should be able to properly hang the temporary grounding wire)
The temporary grounding wire shall be operated by the attendant in the case of guardianship and at the place designated by the operation ticket. It should be numbered on the temporary grounding wire and its storage position. The temporary grounding wire should also be used according to the specified number.
The actual operation and safety precautions for installing the temporary grounding wire:
(1) When installing, the grounding terminal should be grounded reliably. When the electrical testing equipment or circuit does not have voltage, immediately connect the other end of the temporary grounding wire (conductor end) to the conductive part of the equipment or line. When the equipment or line is grounded and short-circuited in three phases;
(2) The temporary grounding wire must be connected to the grounding end and then to the conductor end; the order of disassembly is reversed. Install or remove the temporary grounding wire by using insulating rods or wearing insulated gloves;
(3) Temporary grounding wire shall be installed for all aspects that may be sent to the power-off equipment or line or the power-off equipment may generate induced voltage.
(4) When the circuit breaker or disconnector is disconnected, the segment busbars shall be inspected separately after being inspected and grounded separately. When all the step-down substation is powered off, a temporary grounding line shall be installed on each possible incoming call side;
(5) On indoor power distribution units, the temporary grounding wire should be installed in a place where no phase lacquer is applied.
(6) Temporary grounding wire should be hung in a place visible at the working place;
(7) There shall be no circuit breaker or fuse connected between the temporary grounding line and the equipment or line to be repaired;
(8) Equipment or cable lines with capacitors should be discharged before installing the temporary grounding wire;
(9) When installing a temporary grounding wire for the multi-layer power line erected on the same pole, first install the low voltage and then install the high voltage; first install the lower layer and then install the upper layer; first install the “ground†and then install the “fireâ€; The order is reversed;
(10) The work of installing and disassembling the temporary grounding wire must be carried out by two people. If the substation is on duty, only the grounding wire isolating switch is allowed to be grounded;
(11) The line with the temporary grounding wire is installed, and the “grounded†sign must be hung on the operating handle of the switch.
Fourth, the inspection and use of high-pressure safety equipment
1. What is the maintenance safety tool? What kinds of it does it include?
Maintenance safety equipment refers to the safety equipment that should be configured to protect personal safety and prevent accidental entry into the charging interval and prevent misoperation.
In addition to the basic insulation safety tools and auxiliary insulation safety, the maintenance safety tools also have temporary grounding wire, nameplate, safety belt, foot buckle, temporary cover and so on.
2. How many types and types of standard cards are there? What is it?
There are four types of signboards, which are classified according to their nature:
(1) Prohibited categories: such as "No closure, some work!" and "No closure, some people work on the line!";
(2) Warning categories: such as "stop, high voltage danger!" and "no climbing, high voltage danger!";
(3) Permitted categories: such as "work here!" and "from here!";
(4) Reminder class: such as "has been grounded!";
Commonly used signboards are divided into four categories and seven types. In addition to this, there are some signboards that are hung in specific locations. Such as "no push, some people work!", "There is danger of electricity, please don't approach!"
3. Explain the usage of the prohibited and reminder type signs and the number of suspensions? Under what circumstances do you use the allowed class nameplate?
It is forbidden to hang the nameplate on the operating handle of the circuit breaker and disconnector that can be sent to the construction equipment or construction line once closed.
Warning signs are hung in the following locations.
1 prohibited passages or doors;
2 The work place is adjacent to the fence of the charged equipment;
3 When working on an outdoor structure, hang on the beam of the working place adjacent to the live equipment;
4 has been installed on the temporary cover;
5 Near the location where the high pressure test is performed.
Permitted class signs are hung in the following places:
1 outdoor and indoor working places or construction equipment;
2 for the iron frame and ladder on the staff.
The reminder type sign is hung on the “operating handle of the disconnecting switch of the grounded wireâ€.
The number of signage hangs is as follows:
1 The number of hanging signs of prohibited signs should be the same as the number of teams participating in the work;
2 The number of suspensions of the reminder type signboard shall be the same as the number of sets of grounding wires installed;
3 The number of suspensions for the warning and permit class signs can be hung depending on the site conditions.
1. What is insulated safety equipment? Does it include several categories? What are the types of each?
Insulating safety appliances are appliances used to prevent workers from coming into direct contact with electricity.
Insulation safety appliances are divided into basic insulation safety appliances and auxiliary insulation safety appliances.
Basic insulation safety device; the appliance itself is insulated enough to withstand the working voltage. (can contact live body)
Auxiliary insulating safety device; the appliance itself is not insulated enough to withstand the working voltage. (Do not touch live parts)
The basic insulation safety of high-voltage equipment includes: insulated rods, insulated clamps and high-voltage electroscopes.
The auxiliary insulation for high-voltage equipment is safe: insulated gloves, insulated boots, insulating mats, insulated tables, etc.
2. What checks should be made before using insulated rods, insulated gloves and insulated boots?
Check before use:
(1) The appearance should be clean, free of grease and dust. There are no cracks, cracks, burrs, scratches, holes and obvious deformation on the surface.
(2) Insulating gloves should also be tested for inflation, and tested and confirmed to be free of leakage.
(3) There is no puncture on the bottom of the insulated boots, and the bottom pattern is clear and clear, without signs of smoothing.
(4) The connecting part of the insulating tie rod should be tightened.
3. How to use the insulating rod, insulated gloves and insulated boots correctly? How to keep it properly?
Precautions for use:
(1) Wear insulated gloves when using insulated rods. At the same time, the hand grip should be limited to the allowable range and must not exceed the shield or guard ring.
(2) Wear insulated boots to prevent hard and sharp objects from sticking to the bottom.
Precautions for keeping:
(1) Safety equipment should be stored in a dry and ventilated place:
(2) The insulating tie rod shall be hung on the bracket and shall not be in contact with the wall or inclined;
(3) Insulating gloves should be stored in a closed cabinet and should be stored separately with other tools and meters;
(4) Insulating boots should be placed in the cabinet, not allowed to be used in place of rain boots, and only used at the operating site.
Second, inspection and use of maintenance safety equipment
1. What is the maintenance safety tool? What kinds of it does it include?
Maintenance safety equipment refers to the safety equipment that should be configured to protect personal safety and prevent accidental entry into the charging interval and prevent misoperation.
In addition to the basic insulation safety tools and auxiliary insulation safety, the maintenance safety tools also have temporary grounding wire, nameplate, safety belt, foot buckle, temporary cover and so on.
2. What are the requirements for electroscopes and what should be done before use?
(1) The electroscope must be: the voltage level is appropriate, the test is qualified, and the test period is valid.
(2) The electroscope should be free from dust, oil, cracks and breakage.
(3) Before the power inspection and after the power inspection, the electroscope should be tested on the charged equipment to confirm that the signal is good.
(4) The connection parts of the electroscope should be firm.
(5) Check the insulated gloves at the same time (check according to the relevant content).
3. Who should work on the electricity inspection work? What are the requirements for the electricity inspection work? (The examiner arbitrarily appoints an equipment for overhaul and should be able to verify the power correctly)
The electricity inspection work should have the attendant to complete the actual operation of the electricity inspection and safety precautions as follows:
(1) After the electrical equipment under maintenance is powered off, it is necessary to check the presence or absence of voltage with the electroscope before hanging the wiring;
(2) The phases of the entry and exit lines of the construction or maintenance equipment shall be carried out separately;
(3) Insulation gloves must be worn for high voltage inspection;
(4) When the circuit breaker or disconnector used for communication is inspected, it shall be inspected on both sides;
(5) The line of electricity inspection should be carried out phase by side;
(6) When overhauling the multi-layer power line erected on the same pole, the a priori low pressure and the post-test high pressure; the a priori lower layer and the posterior upper layer;
(7) A standing signal or sign indicating that the device is disconnected, indicating that the signal allowed to enter the interval and the voltmeter of the accessor indicate no voltage and other no-voltage signal indications, which can only be used as a reference and cannot be used as a basis for the device to be unpowered;
(8) When inspecting electricity, the electroscope should gradually approach and contact the charged body.
4. What is the difference between charged body and residual charge?
Charged body; a good electroscope can send a signal when it is about 100mm away from the charged body, and the signal does not weaken after touching the strip conductor.
Residual charge; residual charge can only be signaled when the electroscope is in contact with the conductor, and the signal is gradually weakened.
5. What is the test period for safety equipment?
The test period of the insulating rod and the insulating clamp is one year;
The test period for insulated gloves, insulated boots and electroscopes is six months.
Third, inspection and use of maintenance safety equipment
1. What is the maintenance safety tool? What kinds of it does it include?
Maintenance safety equipment refers to the safety equipment that should be configured to protect personal safety and prevent accidental entry into the charging interval and prevent misoperation.
In addition to the basic insulation safety tools and auxiliary insulation safety, the maintenance safety tools also have temporary grounding wire, nameplate, safety belt, foot buckle, temporary cover and so on.
2. What are the requirements for the temporary grounding line? What checks should be done before use?
(1) Temporary grounding wire should use multiple strands of soft bare copper wire with a cross section of not less than 25mm2 (the temporary grounding wire supplied by the market, there is a kind of colorless transparent plastic insulation added to the wire, the purpose is to protect the soft copper wire from being broken. Not loose stocks, can be regarded as bare lines);
(2) Temporary grounding wire has no backing, no dead buckle;
(3) The connection between the grounding wire and the grounding rod should be firm and there is no looseness;
(4) The insulation part of the grounding rod has no cracks and is intact;
(5) The connection of the grounding wire clamp or clamp and the soft copper wire should be firm and there is no looseness.
3. Who should hang the temporary grounding wire? What are the requirements for hanging temporary grounding wire? (The examiner arbitrarily appoints an equipment for maintenance, and should be able to properly hang the temporary grounding wire)
The temporary grounding wire shall be operated by the attendant in the case of guardianship and at the place designated by the operation ticket. It should be numbered on the temporary grounding wire and its storage position. The temporary grounding wire should also be used according to the specified number.
The actual operation and safety precautions for installing the temporary grounding wire:
(1) When installing, the grounding terminal should be grounded reliably. When the electrical testing equipment or circuit does not have voltage, immediately connect the other end of the temporary grounding wire (conductor end) to the conductive part of the equipment or line. When the equipment or line is grounded and short-circuited in three phases;
(2) The temporary grounding wire must be connected to the grounding end and then to the conductor end; the order of disassembly is reversed. Install or remove the temporary grounding wire by using insulating rods or wearing insulated gloves;
(3) Temporary grounding wire shall be installed for all aspects that may be sent to the power-off equipment or line or the power-off equipment may generate induced voltage.
(4) When the circuit breaker or disconnector is disconnected, the segment busbars shall be inspected separately after being inspected and grounded separately. When all the step-down substation is powered off, a temporary grounding line shall be installed on each possible incoming call side;
(5) On indoor power distribution units, the temporary grounding wire should be installed in a place where no phase lacquer is applied.
(6) Temporary grounding wire should be hung in a place visible at the working place;
(7) There shall be no circuit breaker or fuse connected between the temporary grounding line and the equipment or line to be repaired;
(8) Equipment or cable lines with capacitors should be discharged before installing the temporary grounding wire;
(9) When installing a temporary grounding wire for the multi-layer power line erected on the same pole, first install the low voltage and then install the high voltage; first install the lower layer and then install the upper layer; first install the “ground†and then install the “fireâ€; The order is reversed;
(10) The work of installing and disassembling the temporary grounding wire must be carried out by two people. If the substation is on duty, only the grounding wire isolating switch is allowed to be grounded;
(11) The line with the temporary grounding wire is installed, and the “grounded†sign must be hung on the operating handle of the switch.
Fourth, the inspection and use of high-pressure safety equipment
1. What is the maintenance safety tool? What kinds of it does it include?
Maintenance safety equipment refers to the safety equipment that should be configured to protect personal safety and prevent accidental entry into the charging interval and prevent misoperation.
In addition to the basic insulation safety tools and auxiliary insulation safety, the maintenance safety tools also have temporary grounding wire, nameplate, safety belt, foot buckle, temporary cover and so on.
2. How many types and types of standard cards are there? What is it?
There are four types of signboards, which are classified according to their nature:
(1) Prohibited categories: such as "No closure, some work!" and "No closure, some people work on the line!";
(2) Warning categories: such as "stop, high voltage danger!" and "no climbing, high voltage danger!";
(3) Permitted categories: such as "work here!" and "from here!";
(4) Reminder class: such as "has been grounded!";
Commonly used signboards are divided into four categories and seven types. In addition to this, there are some signboards that are hung in specific locations. Such as "no push, some people work!", "There is danger of electricity, please don't approach!"
3. Explain the usage of the prohibited and reminder type signs and the number of suspensions? Under what circumstances do you use the allowed class nameplate?
It is forbidden to hang the nameplate on the operating handle of the circuit breaker and disconnector that can be sent to the construction equipment or construction line once closed.
Warning signs are hung in the following locations.
1 prohibited passages or doors;
2 The work place is adjacent to the fence of the charged equipment;
3 When working on an outdoor structure, hang on the beam of the working place adjacent to the live equipment;
4 has been installed on the temporary cover;
5 Near the location where the high pressure test is performed.
Permitted class signs are hung in the following places:
1 outdoor and indoor working places or construction equipment;
2 for the iron frame and ladder on the staff.
The reminder type sign is hung on the “operating handle of the disconnecting switch of the grounded wireâ€.
The number of signage hangs is as follows:
1 The number of hanging signs of prohibited signs should be the same as the number of teams participating in the work;
2 The number of suspensions of the reminder type signboard shall be the same as the number of sets of grounding wires installed;
3 The number of suspensions for the warning and permit class signs can be hung depending on the site conditions.
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