High voltage compensation and low pressure compensation questions? -Solutions - Huaqiang Electronic Network

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Our company offers low-voltage centralized compensation systems, with power factor control ranging from 0.95 to 0.99, which is quite efficient.

However, the power transformer itself is also an inductive load. Should we perform reactive power compensation at high voltage? What’s the difference between high-voltage and low-voltage compensation, and what are the benefits?

We have five 5500KVA transformers. How much reactive power compensation is required, and how much energy can we save if we implement it?

1. Inductive reactive power refers to the rate of energy exchange between the inductive load and the power source. It's essential for the operation of inductive devices and cannot be eliminated entirely.

2. Capacitive reactive power involves the exchange of energy between the capacitor and the power supply. The capacitive current can cause the generator's terminal voltage to rise, leading to instability. This type of reactive power is generally harmful.

3. Since inductive and capacitive currents are out of phase, when capacitors return stored energy to the grid, inductive loads are absorbing energy from the grid at that moment.

4. By connecting capacitors in parallel with inductive loads, the inductive device no longer exchanges energy with the grid but instead with the capacitor. This reduces the reactive current drawn from the grid, allowing only active current to flow through the system. As a result, the overall current from the grid is significantly reduced.

5. In theory, local compensation is ideal, such as with fluorescent lamps. However, distributed compensation can be technically complex and harder to manage. That’s why most companies now use low-voltage centralized compensation, which is easier to maintain and is recommended by power suppliers.

6. Transformers are inductive loads too. Reactive power compensation should be applied on the low-voltage side rather than the high-voltage side.

7. Transformer compensation typically uses a fixed, low-voltage independent method, separate from the centralized compensation unit.

8. High-voltage primary compensation is unnecessary. Its effect is similar to low-voltage compensation, but the latter is more practical and cost-effective.

9. If the transformer operates continuously, the compensation capacitors can be sized based on the transformer's no-load current.

10. “How much can you save annually?” While the savings may not be dramatic—like buying a few yuan worth of groceries—it still adds up over time and contributes to long-term efficiency.

11. Series compensation is used to reduce the inductive voltage drop in long-distance high-voltage transmission lines.

12. In high-voltage long-distance lines, series-connected capacitors are grounded. When resonance occurs, the line's terminal voltage increases, improving transmission efficiency.