In the lead-up to the winter break, many school laboratories face challenges in maintaining the cleanliness of precision glass equipment. Over time, improper cleaning by lab personnel leads to excessive daily maintenance. As a result, glassware used in ELISA kit experiments often fails to function properly, with instruments prone to overheating or not reaching the required experimental temperatures. If not regularly checked and cleaned, this can pose serious safety risks to students.
With the advancement of technology in the 21st century, high-tech laboratory equipment such as low-temperature coolant circulators, low-temperature thermostats, high-precision temperature control units, constant temperature water baths, ultrasonic cell disruptors, snowflake ice machines, freeze dryers, chromatography freezers, double-layer glass reactors, photochemical reaction systems, circulating water pumps, and more have been widely introduced into ELISA labs. However, these advanced devices require regular cleaning; otherwise, they may become hidden health hazards for students.
Currently, the common methods for cleaning lab equipment involve either contacting manufacturers or purchasing cleaning agents like soap, detergents, powders, liquid solutions, and organic solvents. However, selecting the right cleaning agent is crucial, as improper choices often fail to achieve the desired results. For example, in July, some precision instruments at a university in Nanjing were cleaned using an unsuitable method, leading to inefficiencies and potential damage.
Here are some standard cleaning procedures for different types of lab equipment:
1. **General Glassware (e.g., flasks, beakers):** Start by rinsing with tap water, then use soap or detergent and a brush to clean. Rinse thoroughly with tap water and finally rinse three times with purified water. Shake gently along the walls to ensure complete removal of residues.
2. **Measuring Instruments (e.g., burettes, pipettes, volumetric flasks):** Clean with soap or detergent but avoid using a brush to prevent damage to delicate surfaces.
3. **Precision or Hard-to-Clean Glassware (e.g., burettes, pipettes, colorimetric tubes, fritted funnels):** Begin with tap water, drain, and soak in a chromic acid cleaning solution for a period of time. Then rinse with tap water and three times with purified water.
4. **Hand Hygiene:** Always wash your hands before handling lab equipment to avoid transferring oils or contaminants onto the instruments, which can increase cleaning difficulty.
5. **Drying Techniques:** A clean glass instrument should not retain water droplets. After washing, it can be air-dried on a clean rack. For faster drying, use a warm airflow dryer at 60–70°C. However, measuring instruments should never be baked, as this could affect their accuracy.
6. **Storage:** Store glassware in a designated test chamber or cabinet. Place them on a clean pad to protect them from dust and damage. Avoid stacking them too tightly, especially if long-term storage is required.
Proper maintenance and safety protocols are essential in any laboratory setting. Following these guidelines helps ensure the safety of both you and others. Always adhere to the lab’s rules and regulations to maintain a safe and efficient working environment.
400W-550W PERC Mono Solar Cell
PERC mono panels are assembled from monocrystalline silicon wafers, distinguished for their superior purity and consistent crystalline architecture. This leads to a greater efficiency than alternatives like polycrystalline or thin-film technologies. The term "PERC" encompasses a surface treatment technique applied to the panel's cells. This involves the use of specialized materials to minimize recombination losses, thereby facilitating smoother electron flow within the cell. This process entails the application of an oxide layer onto both the cell's emitter and rear surfaces, enhancing light absorption and decreasing light reflection.
Features
1. Increased Efficiency: PERC panels have a higher efficiency rate than conventional monocrystalline or polycrystalline solar panels. This is due to the use of a reflective layer on the back of the cell that reduces reflection losses and enhances light absorption.
2. Improved Light Utilization: The reflective surface on the rear of PERC cells helps to capture more light, especially from angles where light might not reach the front surface effectively in other types of solar cells. This results in better performance in low-light conditions and during partial shading.
3. Ease of Installation: The structure of PERC panels allows for easier installation compared to some other advanced technologies, such as bifacial cells, which require careful alignment to ensure optimal light capture from both sides.
4. Low Maintenance: PERC panels are less prone to degradation issues like PID (Photo-induced Degradation) and LID (Light Induced Degradation), which can significantly affect the performance of solar panels over time. This means they require less maintenance and can operate reliably for longer periods without significant performance loss.
Contrary to conventional designs where the front side serves as the emitter, PERC panels feature the emitter on the rear along with the contacts. This layout significantly reduces the impact of shading due to front-side contacts, thus boosting efficiency, especially in scenarios with low light.
Monocrystalline Sunpower Cells,400-550 Watt Monocrystalline Solar Panel,400-550W Monocrystalline Solar Panel
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