Power papers. Power graduation design writing method - Database & Sql Blog Articles
First, the title level. Headings should be numbered consecutively using Arabic numerals, with periods separating different levels (i.e., a period is added to the lower right of the number). The last number in a heading should not end with punctuation. The hierarchy should not be too deep, usually no more than four levels:
Level 1: 1
Level 2: 1.1
Level 3: 1.1.1
Level 4: 1.1.1.1
The serial number should be placed in the top-left grid. If there's a title, write it one space after the number, and start the content on the next line. If there's no title, write the content directly after the number. Headings should be concise, generally not exceeding 15 words, and should not end with any punctuation.
Second, Chinese characters and punctuation. Chinese characters should be neat and follow the "Modern Chinese General Word List" and "Simplified Words List." Punctuation must adhere to GB/T 15834-1995 "Punctuation Usage." Both Chinese characters and punctuation should fit within the grid of the manuscript paper (foreign letters and numbers can be slightly compressed but not restricted by the grid). Writing should be done with a pen or ballpoint pen. If typed, line spacing should be increased for easier editing.
Third, special symbols:
(1) Half-word dash "-" occupies half a character width and is written between two grids. Used for combining phrases, product models, figure numbers, and dates.
(2) Full-word dash "-" takes one character width, used for chemical bonds, standards, legends, mechanical drawings, and locations.
(3) Two-word dash "--" spans two grids, used for formula explanations and subtitles.
(4) Range symbol "~" occupies one space. Avoid mixing with similar symbols like "∽", "≈", or "∽". Units before ranges may be omitted, e.g., 10~15mm, but units like ° and % must be repeated.
(5) Ellipsis is six black dots in text, three in formulas.
(6) Symbols like "≯" and "≮" are not allowed.
(7) Use colons for time, not numerical scales (e.g., 14:12:36).
Fourth, numeric usage. Follow the national standard "Provisions on the Use of Numbers in Publications." Key points:
(1) Increases can be expressed as multiples or percentages (e.g., 3 times increase = 1 → 4; 3 times original = 1 → 3). Decreases must be in percentages or fractions, not multiples.
(2) Avoid using multiple approximations together (e.g., "about 10V" is incorrect).
Fifth, parameter representation. Parameters with the same power cannot omit the previous one (e.g., 4 × 10³ ~ 6 × 10³, not 4 ~ 6 × 10³). Units must be specified for each parameter. Deviations should be placed next to the value, not after the unit. Upper and lower deviations should have the same number of significant digits. Ranges with equal deviation must not omit the range symbol.
Sixth, measurement units. Use the "Statutory Unit of the People's Republic of China" and follow GB/T 3101-1986. Symbols must be correct, values and units must be separated by a space. Avoid disassembling units, adding extra marks, or using non-standard combinations. Discontinued units like "mu" and "inch" should not be used.
Seventh, tables. Each table must have a number and name. Units should be marked clearly. All numbers must be aligned and use the same number of significant digits. Repeating "same as above" is not allowed. Empty cells should be marked with "——" or "0".
Eighth, illustrations. Must avoid duplication with text or tables. Figures should be placed near related content. Each illustration has a number and name. Subfigures are labeled (a), (b), etc. Notes go below subfigure names. Line drawings must be clear, and photographs should be sharp and well-defined.
Ninth, mathematical formulas. Important formulas must be numbered and placed at the end of the line. Symbols should be explained in the top-left grid. Multiplication signs should be avoided between letters and numbers. Fractions are preferred over division symbols.
Tenth, foreign language writing. Use italics for variables, vectors, and functions. Capitalize units from names, chemical elements, and proper nouns. Lowercase prepositions and short articles. Words should not be split unless necessary.
Eleventh, terminology. Use official scientific terms from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Unofficial terms should be noted. Special or new terms require clarification.
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