Power papers. Power graduation design writing method - Database & Sql Blog Articles

Test probe P100-M3

Test - lowercase jpg

Kaixin micro test

First, the title level. Headings should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals, separated by periods (the period is placed at the bottom right of the number), and the last number in a hierarchy should not have any punctuation. The number of levels should not exceed four: Level 1 heading - 1; Level 2 heading - 1.1; Level 3 heading - 1.1.1; Level 4 heading - 1.1.1.1. The serial number should be placed in the top-left grid. If there is a title, write it one space after the number. If there is no title, start the content directly after the number. Headings should be concise, generally not exceeding 15 words, and should not end with any punctuation.

Second, Chinese characters and punctuation marks. Characters should be neat and follow the "Modern Chinese General Word List" and "Simplified Words List." Punctuation must adhere to GB/T 15834-1995 "Punctuation Usage." Both characters and punctuation should fit within the grid of the manuscript paper. Foreign letters and numbers can be slightly compressed but not restricted by the grid. Writing should be done with a pen or ballpoint pen. If typed on a computer, line spacing should be increased for easy revision.

Third, special symbols. The half-word dash "-" occupies half a word width and is used between two grids for combinations like parallel phrases (stress-strain curve), product models (SZB-4 vacuum pump), and dates (1999-01-10). A full-word dash "-" takes up a full word width and is used for chemical bonds (C-H-C), standardization numbers (YBl37-64), and ranges (Beijing-Shanghai Express). The two-word dash "--" is used in formulas, subtitles, and explanations. The range symbol "~" should not be confused with "∽," "≈," or "∽." Units before the range can be omitted, such as 10 ~ 15mm, but units like degrees or percentages should be repeated. An ellipsis is six black dots in text and three in formulas. Symbols like "≯" and "≮" are not allowed. Hours, minutes, and seconds are separated by colons, e.g., 14:12:36.

Fourth, numerical usage. Follow the national standard "Provisions on the Use of Numbers in Publications." Increases can be expressed as multiples or percentages (e.g., increased by 3 times = 1 to 4, increased to 3 times = 1 to 3). Decreases can only be expressed as percentages or fractions. Avoid using multiple terms like "about" and "around" together. Parameters with the same power must include the power in each term. Units for different parameters should be written out. Deviations should be placed next to the parameter, not after the unit. Effective digits must be clearly shown. When two ranges have the same deviation, the range symbol cannot be omitted.

Fifth, measurement units. Use the "Statutory Unit of the People's Republic of China" and follow international symbols. Symbols derived from names are capitalized (e.g., A, Pa), while others are lowercase. Prefixes below 10⁶ are lowercase, above or equal to 10⁶ are uppercase. Do not split values and units (e.g., 1.81 m, not 1m81). No additional marks should be added to unit symbols. Combine Chinese characters and symbols where appropriate. Leave a 1/4 word gap between value and unit. Ten thousand and hundred million can form combined units (e.g., 100,000 kW). Use "L" when alone, lowercase when prefixed (e.g., 5ml). Multiply values with units in size descriptions (e.g., 10m × 20m × 30m). Avoid using symbols instead of words (e.g., "3 times per day" instead of "3/d"). Use Chinese units when "many" is involved (e.g., more than 60 kg). Discontinued units like "mu" should be replaced with hectares (hm²).

Sixth, tables. Each table should have a number and name. If only one table, use "Table" before the name. Names should be clear and concise, under 15 words. Units in columns should be marked, either in parentheses or individually. All numbers must be aligned and have consistent significant digits. Avoid repeating "same as above." Blank means "none," "——" means "no data," and "0" means zero. If continued, mark "Continued Table" and keep the header. Avoid "Remarks" in the table; add comments below with an asterisk or brackets.

Seventh, illustrations. Include line drawings and photos, avoiding duplication with text or tables. Place them near related content. Each illustration has a number and name. Sub-pictures use (a), (b), etc., with notes below. Axes should be labeled with quantities and units (e.g., /A, p/kgm⁻³). Line drawings should be inked on tracing paper, clear and uniform. Photographs should be high-quality, well-focused, and free of creases. Chemical reaction formulas should be arranged step-by-step, using arrows or other symbols.

Eighth, mathematical formulas. Important formulas should be numbered consecutively and placed in the top grid. Symbols need explanation in the left top grid, followed by descriptions. Long formulas should break at equals signs or operators. Multiplication symbols should be omitted between letters and numbers (e.g., ab instead of a×b). Division and ratios should be written as fractions, not using ÷ or :.

Ninth, foreign language writing. Pay attention to italics, capitalization, and word breaks. Use Latin and Greek letters. Normal usage includes units, prefixes, dimension symbols, mathematical functions, chemical elements, and abbreviations. Italicize variables, vectors, and dimensionless parameters. Capitalize unit symbols from names, chemical element symbols, proper nouns, and initial letters of titles. Lowercase all except specific cases. Word breaks should use hyphens at the end of lines, avoid breaking single-syllable words or abbreviations.

Tenth, terminology. Use standardized terms from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Unofficial terms may be used with permission. New or special terms should be noted with comments.