What kind of concept is "sound field"?

In the United States, often considered the birthplace of "fever music," there are two terms closely associated with the audio experience: "Sound Field" and "Sound Stage." While "Sound Stage" refers to the spatial arrangement of a band on a physical stage—its length, width, and height—it is essentially a concept of three-dimensional space. The term we commonly use as "Sound Field" is actually more aligned with "Sound Stage," since translating "Sound Stage" literally as "stage of sound" or "sound stage" sounds awkward. Meanwhile, "Sound Field" relates more to the "space sense" we've discussed earlier. Therefore, when people talk about the "shape of the sound field," they're really referring to how your equipment recreates the spatial layout of the original performance. Due to variations in frequency response and speaker directivity—such as rooms that are wider than they are deep or vice versa—the sound field produced by audio equipment can differ from the original recording. Some sound fields are square with no arches, while others might have different shapes. These differences mean that the sound stage you hear isn't always what was originally recorded. One notable point is that during live performances, the band's arrangement tends to be wider than it is deep. However, in the studio, producers often adjust the layout for better sound effects, typically extending the depth, especially for percussion instruments. This setup differs from what you'd see in a concert hall. The position of the sound field includes its front, back, high, and low aspects. Mismatched equipment can make the sound field feel like it's floating in mid-air, or as if you're sitting on the second floor of a concert hall. Factors such as speaker placement and uneven frequency response affect this positioning. An ideal sound field should allow you to experience a symphony orchestra realistically. For example, the double bass and cello should sound lower, while the violin should be slightly higher. Brass instruments, on the other hand, tend to be placed higher. To determine the height of the sound field, imagine it being just below eye level when seated. That means the violin should be above your line of sight, while the cello and double bass should be below. The brass section should be at least as high or higher than the violin. As for the front and back positions, experienced audiophiles know to draw a straight line from the front panel of the speakers and extend it outward. While this is the ideal position, it’s rarely achievable due to factors like your audio mix, listening environment, and the type of music you’re playing. In general, extending the line from the front panel is better than pulling it back too much. If the sound field feels too retracted, it can create an unnatural listening experience. The width of the sound field is another important aspect. Many enthusiasts boast that their sound field extends beyond the speakers, even breaking through the walls. While this may seem like fantasy to beginners, it's not entirely exaggerated. In popular music, you might occasionally hear instruments sounding outside the speaker area, and in classical recordings, the orchestra often feels wider than the space between the speakers, sometimes reaching the side walls. However, claiming the sound field breaks through the wall is more imaginative than real. The actual sound field is contained within the room. You can experience this clearly in the first 1812 Overture—if the sound stays centered between the speakers without spilling over, it might indicate an issue with your system. Finally, the depth of the sound field, often referred to as "depth sense," is distinct from "level sense" and "position sense." It relates to the spatial range of the sound field. Similar to the width, some claim their sound field extends beyond the walls and into the street, but this is usually just exaggeration. The true depth is the distance between the frontmost and backmost instruments, such as the violin and the bass drum or timpani. While some systems may create an illusion of depth, it's essential to understand that the depth of the sound field is determined by the spacing between instruments, not by how far the sound seems to go. If the sound feels too retracted, it might be mistaken for depth, but it's actually an incorrect perception. Remember, no band is ever arranged vertically; understanding the relationship between instruments helps you accurately judge the depth of the sound field.

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