Take you to understand the 7th generation Turbo platform, try to use the server-level Z270 motherboard NVME hard disk array
After reviewing the hard disk interface history and replacing the PATA (IDE) parallel interface with a faster serial SATA, the SATA serial interface has been updated at an increasing pace, from 1.5Gbps SATA1, 3Gbps SATA2, 6Gbps SATA3, three generations SATA has dominated the industry for more than 10 years. The SATA interface originally designed for mechanical hard drives has already failed to meet the bandwidth requirements of SSDs. Even SATA 6Gbps was introduced in 2011. It has long been used up by SSDs and updated faster and bigger. The interface of bandwidth has long been inevitable, so after that, there appeared SATA-E, M.2 (NGFF), PCI-E, and U.2 interfaces that changed to the PCI-E bus. Of course, the faster interface solved the bandwidth problem. On the issue, there is still a problem that is not resolved, is the hard disk mode, the hard disk interface evolved from the PATA (IDE) interface to the SATA interface, the emergence of a new hard disk mode AHCI, used SATA interface SSD friends should know to install SSD When you need to enter the BIOS to switch the hard disk mode to AHCI mode, otherwise the SSD can not play his real performance, but now the new hard disk interface of the faster PCI-E channel appears, AHCI can not meet their needs I want to make the best performance really need new standards --NVMe.
SATA, AHCI, NVMe Transmission Architecture Diagram
1. Lower delay:
The NVMe streamlined the calling mode and did not need to read the register when executing the command. However, AHCI needs to read the register four times for each command, and it will consume 8000 CPU cycles in total, resulting in 2.5 μs delay.
2. Higher transmission performance
The SATA interface SSD with good performance in the market can reach 32 in queue depth, but this is also the limit that AHCI can achieve. However, the current high-end enterprise-class PCIe SSDs may have a queue depth of 128 or even 256 to achieve the highest IOPS performance. With the NVMe standard, the maximum queue depth is 64,000. In addition, the number of NVMe queues also increased by 14,000 from AHCI 1 to 64,000.
3. Lower power consumption
4. Wide applicability of driving, no need to provide drivers to adapt to any system platform
The first NVME hard disk drive should be available only from intel and Samsung. The earliest consumer-grade nvme hard disk is Intel's SSD 750, which was released in 2015. There are two kinds of interface versions, PCI-E and U.2, and Samsung's SM951 and 950 PRO. In 16 years, Samsung also introduced SM961, 960pro and entry-level PM961 and 960 EVO, including Intel also introduced entry-level 600P, but in 16 years there are nvme products more than just these two families, and Plextor also launched the M8Pe series. Including the end of the Jianxing T10, but first of all, Samsung's SM951, SM961, PM961 are oem bulk goods, Samsung nvme disc licensed version only pro series, so nvme disk is not too selective
Reference to the current nvme hard drive, in addition to Taobao's sale of the Samsung SM series is the OEM disk, with the most popular M.2 interface version and practical capacity of 256G as an example, currently only the Samsung and the intel 960 in the sale of Jingdong licensed Evo and intel 600P and Pcott's M8pe
Samsung 960 evo uses Samsung's Polaris master and 48-layer stacked V-NAND flash memory 250G price around 930 intel 600P uses a third-party Huirong 2260 master and its own production of 16nm 3D TLC flash memory particles 256G price 590 or so Pu Kate M8peg uses Marvel 88SS1093 Eldora master, Toshiba 15nm Toggle MLC particles, 256G price 1070 or soIntegrity 600p is the cheapest, and the other two are at the price of 1,000 yuan. Although the 600P is the cheapest, but the master plan is also the lowest, using the TLC particles, it is undeniable that the price is attractive. Even if you are dismissive of TLC flash memory (TLC speed-down issues), the SDD 600p is ultimately based on the PCIe NVMe design. Comparing SATA disks still provides a better performance experience. The Samsung 960 evo V-NAND stacked 3D flash memory is actually TCL flash memory, but the performance of all aspects is still good, if there are concerns about TLC can look at Plextor M8peg, using Toshiba MLC particles, and other NVME The disk should consider the heat dissipation problem. After all, overheating will speed down and there is a risk of damage. The Plextor M8pg compares the intel and Samsung's disks with heat sinks, but Puketer's price is higher. After all, MLC particles are used compared to Samsung. MLC particle 960 pro cost is still higher (960 pro minimum 512G version only, so the comparison is Plextor M8pg 512G price)
Want to use nvme SSDs, but also want to use cheaper MLC particles and how to do? To this post punctuality - Lite-T10
The Lite-On T10 is a new product that has just been released at the end of 2016. Currently, there is no upper shelf for selling Jingdong at Taobao. As an upgrade series for T9, this time, T10 directly crosses the SATA interface AHCI mode to the NVME protocol M.2 interface, which is better than ordinary sata. Version T9 SSDs are many times faster, using group connected PS5007 master, Toshiba 15nm MLC particles, MLC particles, MLC particles! The important thing to say three times, 240G version price is only about 650, the plate with MLC particles should not be comparable in this price, and T9 is the same as the way to go, is a clear flow
Labelled with 15nm MLC particles on the back, origin in Taiwan, with a 3-year warranty
Two blocks of 480G Lite T10, because it is necessary to set the disk array, comes with a heat sink, a very thin piece of aluminum, thermal performance can be imagined, but there is still better than not, T10 appearance is not a bit like " Let's make friends?†And I have different colors for the LITEON logo because one of them was purchased at a forum group. Maybe the batch is different, but the price is good.
The flash memory uses Toshiba 15nm MLC particles. The main control unit uses the PS5007 master controller, quad-core design, NVMe support, PCIE3.0x4 support, and 1xnm MLC/TLC flash memory support.
Group nvme disk array mainly because the latest generation of Z270 platform has the opportunity to try, so
First to tear down the latest 7 generation Core Duo platformIntel, the largest toothpaste factory in the science and technology industry, finally released the long-delayed seventh-generation Core processor kabylake at CES 2017 on January 5, accompanied by the lifting of the 200 series motherboards from the major motherboard manufacturers. This time, a new processor was introduced. Series, including S series, Y series, U series and H series, covers the desktop and desktop versions, power consumption ranging from 4.5W-91W, 7th generation platform architecture and 6 generations of skylake still toothpaste and no qualitative change , still using 14nm process, still LGA1151 interface, PCB board is still so thin, which is still thermal grease material million years, then the main difference is that the overall frequency and Turbo frequency greatly improved, especially the i7 7700K frequency up to 4.2Ghz, Turbo frequency up to 4.5Ghz, which is a bit like the original four-generation haswell to haswell refresh the transition
There are seven generations of processors followed by the 200 series of motherboards, desktop-class mainly Z270, H270, B250 and other 3, Q270 and Q250 are commercial computer products. The main change is that the number of built-in PCIe 3.0 channels has increased by 4, and 4 more are reserved for this year's intel's Black Optane hard disk, which is regarded as the biggest highlight of the 200 series motherboards, providing great convenience for supporting multiple hard disks and multiple devices. The base frequency is increased from 2133MHz to 2400MHz. The other 7 generations of platforms are still not compatible with windows7 systems because the 100 series motherboards have been extended. The USB EHCI support has been canceled. Only the XHCI specification is supported. At present, there are only two methods. The XHCI driver is embedded in the win7 system. , There are upgrade systems, another 200 series intel fast storage upgrade to RST 15.2 with Intel RST PCIe RAID support
Regarding Intel's Flexible I/O Port design, intel already had a Z87 chipset and provided PCIe Lanes, USB3.0 Ports, SATA Ports, and Gigabit Ethernet Lanes as Multiplexed via HSIO (High Speed ​​I/O). These HSIOs can be customized according to the motherboard factory. For this generation Z270, for example, under the Flexible I/O framework, the actual total number of PCIe channels is 30 more than the Z170, and the resource allocation is slightly different from that of the Z170. The 1st to 6th channels are occupied by USB3. The first channel supports OTG. The planning of channels numbered 7 to 14 is also consistent with that of the Z170. If the motherboard manufacturer does not continue to expand the number of USB 3.0, it does not occupy 7 to 10 channels. Even if two groups of GbE Ethernet are configured to occupy the PCIe channel numbered 10-11, there are at most six channels available. No. 15~18 channels This group is defined as the first PCI Storage RAID group, where 15 can be changed to SATA 0 or GbE Ethernet, and 16 can be used as SATA 1 to support SATA hard disks. The second group PCI Storage RAID is arranged on the 23rd to 26th channels. The 23rd and 24th ports can be used as SATA4 and 5. The configuration is the same as the first group of PCI storage RAID. The third group of PCI Storage RAID is an independent channel, and no other interface resources can be occupied. Compared with the Z170, the third group of PCI Storage RAID will be occupied by other interfaces, and the Z270 can be used to build two M.2 plus A PCIe x4 interface device, three nvme PCIE hard drive is no longer a dream, the remaining channel is enough manufacturers to add more USB 3.1 these things, such as my AMD C7Z270-CG integrated ASMedia USB 3.1 before and after the same interface Will use up 2 PCIe channels
For friends who have been in touch with the server, they are also familiar with Supermicro. The Supermicro company was founded in 1993. The company is headquartered in California, USA. It is a professional R&D, design, and production of high-end computers. The manufacturers of motherboards, as well as their own branded servers and workstations, are one of intel’s strategic partners. The ultra-high-end motherboards produced by the company are known as the intelsupermicro (tyan) brand high-end motherboards, which are sold in Europe and America. Ranked first, AMD motherboards have the advantages of advanced technology, good stability, fast speed, complete specifications, and moderate price, and are ideal for configuring workstations and servers. If the server is mentioned in more images, it should be a huge chassis and high-frequency noise, because the server is mainly focused on large-capacity data throughput, high scalability, high redundancy, accurate data stability, 24X7 working mode, 50 degrees Celsius dual power supply design conditions. The standard is a multi-core, multi-thread parallel CPU, ECC error correction memory, SCSI high-speed hot-swappable hard disk, and dual Gigabit LAN cards. The US Supermicro as a veteran server motherboard manufacturer, but in their plus consumer PC motherboards is absolutely absolutely rare, because Supermicro has only entered the consumer market in the past few years, played the "Server Quality, Built for Gaming" slogan, starting from the 9 series Up to now, the 200 series, also out of three generations of products, this time rely on friends resources to get AMD C7Z270-CG motherboard, I heard that in a forum to buy buy
Supermicro C7H170-M packaging design is more avant-garde, especially the sense of surface stencil technology is full, and packaging is different from other brands of motherboard packaging design style is very different, his packaging is more like a luxury gift box, using double Layer carton sleeve packaging. From the packaging design, we can see that AMD is carefully prepared to enter the DIY motherboard market.
Standard ATX board, because the face of consumer-level appearance certainly can not be as good as the server board, PCB black, and a sense of design of the heat sink, but also wearing I / O armor, LED lights with isolation line, Southbridge Radiator with LED lights, DEBUG digital display, high-end motherboard everything, really shines
The most obvious part of the 200 series motherboard I/O is that the USB3.0 interface is upgraded to USB3.1. The AMD C7Z270-CG provides three red interface USB3.1 and a type-c USB3.1 interface. But this motherboard still leaves two USB3.0 interfaces, in addition to the video output still provides a DP interface and HDMI and a DVI interface
The motherboard provides 6 sata 3, and also provides two U.2, are all native interfaces, but it seems that the mainstream Z270 platform also cut off the U.2 interface, U.2 should be considered excessive products, like SATA-E interface Almost, after the mainstream or M.2
The PCIE interface AMD clearly describes the bandwidth, speed, and channel source of the various slots under the slot. The green slots all take the PCIE channel of the CPU. The first and third green slots are all CPU PCI-E 3.0 X16. The middle is the PCI-E 3.0 X8. The other blacks are all PCI-E 3.0X1 and the PCH is south. Bridge channel
The other two groups M.2 interface is the most important, the longest support 2211 length M.2 SSD, finally can try to group nvme disk array
In addition, Supermicro C7Z270-CG south bridge heat sink is also playing lights
Power supply heat sink heat pipe connection
6+3 phase power supply, inductance is commonly used in the server board VITEC PR72-221, the use of DrMOS is also the earliest on the server, is a highly integrated power supply design, but also the current mainstream power supply design of high-end motherboards and graphics cards, compared to the traditional power supply The design of DrMOS technology integrates MOS transistors and driver ICs. This not only increases conversion efficiency but also reduces electromagnetic interference. With respect to power supply, by the 100 series, the integrated voltage adjustment module (FIVR) originally built into the voltage management core was changed back to the IMVP8 architecture equipped with independent voltage chips such as Vcore, VccGT, and VccSA. continue
Motherboard comes with a buzzer, it really retains the characteristics of a certain server.
At present, i7 7700K Chinese boxed price is about 2700, because of their own choice of bulk films relatively cost-effective, now choose i7 7700K mainly for high frequency, with any 200 series motherboard can easily Ruige to 4.5Ghz, before All UHF status, not to mention the default is so high
Memory I use the odd odd Trident Z series DDR4 3200Mhz 4 8G equipment, but pay attention to the upper left corner of the package, the memory color black and white color matching is not a big sample proof red, but the black and white version of the Trident Z series is not for sale at home, is Last year bought with friends Haitao
In addition to the Trident Z series, the memory granules are selected from Samsung's single 1GB particle single-sided 8G component. The single-sided B die Samsung particle is the most popular, but the black version has a higher timing than the red version.
The latest DDR4 memory and DDR3 gold finger are still somewhat different. The DDR4 gold fingers are curved. The main reason is to facilitate the insertion and removal of memory, and the number of pins has been increased to 284, DDR3 is 240, but the length of the memory is basically not change.
When I encountered something particularly embarrassing, the second memory slot of the AMD C7H170-M had a design and the first root that was too tight and led to the Zickey Trident Z series. I do not know when to sell the batch improperly speaking, it seems that AMD is really used to the server, such low-level mistakes have committed
In order to press i7 7700K radiator with Cooler Master latest feng shui radiator MasterLiquid Maker 92
This radiator model is very ID design, I like it very much, the shape looks very big, in fact, this radiator is a practical 9cm fan, so the overall size of the radiator is small, and the dual fan can support a fan in low load conditions Stop function achieves high quality noise control
And “can flex and stretch†variable under pressure heat dissipation, but also variable side blow tower cooling
Test NVME hard disk needs to manually shut down the Windows write cache buffer refresh on the device. For write protection reasons, Microsoft NVMe driver will wait for write verification, resulting in hard disk 4K write performance will be very low, close the Windows write cache Buffer refresh on this computer (my computer) Right-click Manage - Device Management - Disk Drives - Right-click Hard Disk Model Point Properties - Policies
Total score of 2719 points, running points data does not have to be Sansao's difference, and NVME hard drive running points really high, running sub-data looked really comfortable, continuous reading and writing are in G units per second
CrystalDiskMark is weird that 4K reads are actually so low that there may be an exception
About setting up raid0 mode in AMD This motherboard is very very complicated and complicated. I was looking for someone to find information to set it up step by step. If you are interested in an AMD motherboard, you should pay attention to the following teaching steps.
There is no Chinese option for AMD motherboard bios, but there is no localization at all. If AMD wants to enter the mainland, it needs to consider this issue. First, set the second option Storage OPtion ROM/UEFI Driver to EEI mode. Reboot
Then enter the first Intel(R) Rapid Storage Technology Intel Quick Storage Option
Set the SATA Mode Selection Mode to Intel RST Premium With Intel Opan..
PCIe storage Dev On port 17 and the following 21 are set to RST Controlled by RST control
After rebooting, enter the BIOS again. The Create RAID Volume above creates the RAID volume option.
Then select the two NVME SSDs that you want to build RAID0 to create RAID0. Note that RST 15.2 allows you to create RAID0, RAID1, and RECOVER emergency rescue modes, which is better than establishing cross-zone security under WINDOWS. However, in fact, it is a discount compared to the efficiency of the trans-regional zone.
However, it is obvious that the establishment of cross-zone tape volume under WIN10 is higher than that of Z270's PCH IRST RAID0.
The latest version of CPU-Z has been able to read the kabylake processor information, i7 7700K 14nm process, 1151 LGA package interface, the official version of R0 stepping, quad-core eight threads, silent 4.2Ghz, maximum Turbo 4.5Ghz, L3 cache 8MB, TDP power consumption shows 91W and i7 6700K, but before the media broke the news is 95W.
7700k core mechanism, single-core 4.5Ghz, dual-core 4.4Ghz, triple-core 4.4Ghz, quad-core 4.5Ghz, meaning full load can only be more 4.4Ghz
National flag chess test 8 thread per second stepping 16788, i7 6700K normal around 1600, single-threaded 3345
CPU-Z built-in test contrast i7 6700K, 13% performance increase due to frequency difference
The CPU score of the INEBENCH R15 test is consistent with the reference data provided by the software.
The test time was at night, and Changzhou had no heating. The room temperature of the dormitory was already around 18°C. The AIDA 64 single point FPU floating point CPU was used to load the roasting machine. At this time, the voltage of the i7 7700K was 1.336v, and the CPU was 86°C. The temperature was High, it should be related to voltage
In summary:
After reading this article, I believe that you can understand some of the 200 series of platforms, CPU still squeeze the growth of toothpaste type, although squeezing toothpaste, but most i7 7700K can be easily 5G air-cooled, would like to have stable 4.5Ghz haswell platform is difficult , not to mention i7 7700K Turbo 4.5G? If you want to enter the i7 recently, consider that if you are now four generations or six generations of the i7 you don't need to think about it. For the Z270 chipset, the extra 4 PCIE lanes are originally reserved for Intel's Black Optane hard drive, but intel Urinary estimates continue to be postponed, but the additional 4 PIC-Es are still very good for multi-hard disk multi-device support. It is not a problem to hang three nvme disks, and unless you have a special purpose to organize a disk array like me. , But by myself trying this group raid0 test I still recommend that general users do not group nvme disk array, although it brings faster speeds, but because nvme driven immature group raid mode must not double the effect, Unless you set up your raid1 mode, but one with a full backup is too expensive for SSDs. Ordinary users can't afford it. Choosing raid is not as good as choosing a higher-capacity disk, and T10 is a high-speed NVME disk. Fully enough to use
For the Lite-On T10, this price/performance ratio was first and foremost remarkable. The MLC pellets were purchased at a cheap price and he was alone. The forum discussed various issues concerning the high temperature of the T10. It is said that Lite-On has prepared the new models of the Lite-On T10. The main control firmware can be cooled 15~20 degrees after the upgrade. It is still not released during the test phase, and there is no warranty patch coverage on this disk, so there is no need to worry about the warranty issue after removing the heat sink. Therefore, it is recommended that users who purchase this disk should replace the heat on their own. Film, a treasure has a black 30 piece, the radiator is very good
The AMD C7Z270-CG should have all the mainstream things in the market. Although AMD is an old horse in the server field, it is still a gross boy in the current consumer motherboard market, and there are still some deficiencies, such as: Bring your own buzzer and boot to experience a complex self-test boot slower, memory slots only support narrow strips, these points are still seen can not get rid of the shadow of the server board, if the biggest feature of this motherboard is that the server Level of material and stability, with dual gigabit server cards, integrated PXE boot, Legcay ROM support for PCIe devices, and the 200 series motherboard itself has a bright spot is the addition of Intel RST PCIe RAID support, and AMD C7Z270- CG has more native U.2 interfaces than others (maybe this interface has to be transitioned to it), and the motherboard bios are not easy to use, because the BIOS is really the soul of a motherboard, which requires more technical experience to precipitate. It is the place where AMD needs to do its homework. There is also a non-Chinese version of the bios. If AMD wants to enter this huge market in China, it will also cater to local communities. The key field.
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