Extremely simple overview of the regulator

Any electronic device or electrical device requires a stable power supply. Unstable power supplies are unstable, and heavy equipment is damaged.

The power supply unit is responsible for various DC power supplies required to convert AC power into electronic equipment. And this power supply must have a certain stability.

When the voltage of the grid is high or low, a stable DC voltage can be output, and the ripple is required to be low. We usually refer to this DC power supply as a regulated power supply or as a voltage regulator. When the power supply is DC, but its voltage does not meet our requirements, this regulator is also called DC-DC conversion.

The conventional voltage regulator is a series regulator, which rectifies the alternating current into a direct current, a capacitor, and a series regulator. The power consumption on the adjustment tube is large, and a large heat sink is required, so the volume is large and the efficiency is low. It is usually 35%-60% and suffers from poor overload capability. But it has excellent ripple and dynamic frequency response.

Since 70 years, with the development of various power switching devices, high-efficiency switching power supplies have become mainstream. At present, the vast majority of power supplies on computers are powered by switching power supplies.

The switching power supply removes the bulky power frequency transformer, and uses high-frequency transformers of tens, hundreds, or even MHZ. Since the adjusting tube works in the switching state, the power consumption is small and the efficiency is high, generally up to 80%-95%. Therefore, the power supply has the characteristics of small size and light weight.

However, there are also disadvantages, the circuit is complicated, and the high-frequency device is expensive. high cost. Moreover, the output ripple noise is high and the dynamic frequency response is poor.

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